4CQ8

Plasmodium falciparum dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) in complex with Genz-669178


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.98 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.190 
  • R-Value Work: 0.170 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.171 

wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


This is version 1.5 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

In Vitro Resistance Selections for Plasmodium Falciparum Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors Give Mutants with Multiple Point Mutations in the Drug-Binding Site and Altered Growth.

Ross, L.S.Javier Gamo, F.Lafuente-Monasterio, M.J.E.Singh, O.M.P.Rowland, P.Wiegand, R.C.Wirth, D.F.

(2014) J Biol Chem 289: 17980

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M114.558353
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    4CQ8, 4CQ9, 4CQA

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Malaria is a preventable and treatable disease; yet half of the world's population lives at risk of infection, and an estimated 660,000 people die of malaria-related causes every year. Rising drug resistance threatens to make malaria untreatable, necessitating both the discovery of new antimalarial agents and the development of strategies to identify and suppress the emergence and spread of drug resistance. We focused on in-development dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitors. Characterizing resistance pathways for antimalarial agents not yet in clinical use will increase our understanding of the potential for resistance. We identified resistance mechanisms of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) DHODH inhibitors via in vitro resistance selections. We found 11 point mutations in the PfDHODH target. Target gene amplification and unknown mechanisms also contributed to resistance, albeit to a lesser extent. These mutant parasites were often hypersensitive to other PfDHODH inhibitors, which immediately suggested a novel combination therapy approach to preventing resistance. Indeed, a combination of wild-type and mutant-type selective inhibitors led to resistance far less often than either drug alone. The effects of point mutations in PfDHODH were corroborated with purified recombinant wild-type and mutant-type PfDHODH proteins, which showed the same trends in drug response as the cognate cell lines. Comparative growth assays demonstrated that two mutant parasites grew less robustly than their wild-type parent, and the purified protein of those mutants showed a decrease in catalytic efficiency, thereby suggesting a reason for the diminished growth rate. Co-crystallography of PfDHODH with three inhibitors suggested that hydrophobic interactions are important for drug binding and selectivity.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    From the Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
DIHYDROOROTATE DEHYDROGENASE
A, B
401Plasmodium falciparumMutation(s): 0 
EC: 1.3.5.2
Membrane Entity: Yes 
UniProt
Find proteins for Q08210 (Plasmodium falciparum (isolate 3D7))
Explore Q08210 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q08210
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ08210
Sequence Annotations
Expand
  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 3 Unique
IDChains Name / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
FMN
Query on FMN

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
C [auth A],
F [auth B]
FLAVIN MONONUCLEOTIDE
C17 H21 N4 O9 P
FVTCRASFADXXNN-SCRDCRAPSA-N
JBW
Query on JBW

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
E [auth A],
H [auth B]
5-(4-cyano-2-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)-N-cyclopropylthiophene-2-carboxamide
C17 H14 N4 O S
XRXYHTFKWSMTFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
ORO
Query on ORO

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
D [auth A],
G [auth B]
OROTIC ACID
C5 H4 N2 O4
PXQPEWDEAKTCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Binding Affinity Annotations 
IDSourceBinding Affinity
JBW BindingDB:  4CQ8 IC50: 80 (nM) from 1 assay(s)
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.98 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.190 
  • R-Value Work: 0.170 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.171 
  • Space Group: C 1 2 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 147.82α = 90
b = 69.13β = 103.84
c = 103.85γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
BUSTERrefinement
XDSdata reduction
SCALAdata scaling

Structure Validation

View Full Validation Report



Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History 

Deposition Data

  • Released Date: 2014-04-30 
  • Deposition Author(s): Rowland, P.

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2014-04-30
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2014-05-14
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2014-08-13
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.3: 2019-03-06
    Changes: Data collection, Experimental preparation, Other
  • Version 1.4: 2019-05-08
    Changes: Data collection, Experimental preparation
  • Version 1.5: 2024-05-08
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations, Other